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Geography · 06 / 06

Globalisation: flows, actors, inequalities

Final-year concepts · Worked example and 4 exercises with solutions, at your pace.

Need a foundation?Maps and scale: what a map showsRead a map: legend, scale and choices
UnderstandSee an exampleGuided exercise3 progressive challenges

The principle, simply

Globalisation intensifies relations between places without integrating them equally. Distinguish material, human, financial and information flows. Identify actors, means and constraints. A geographical sketch answers a question with an organised key rather than collecting symbols.

THE PICTURE TO REMEMBERGlobalisation: flows, actors, inequalities
  1. 01Actors
  2. 02Flows
  3. 03Territorial networks
  4. 04Uneven integration

WORKED EXAMPLE

From principle to reasoning

Trace a product’s design, materials, manufacture, transport and sale. The chain shows interdependence, not equal benefit for every territory.

Solve a problem in this subject

  1. Choose scale

    Locate the area and compare local, national and global scales; meanings can change with scale.

  2. Read representations

    Check title, legend, unit, date, source and class boundaries. Density and population-count maps answer different questions.

  3. Identify actors and flows

    Connect places, movements, decisions and inequalities with located examples and interpreted data.

  4. Build a synthesis

    Organise a legend by ideas, then select area, line and point symbols. A sketch explains spatial organisation.

YOUR TURN

01 · Try before checking

How can a list of ports and routes become an argued map?

One hint

Start with the question and group information.

Reveal and understand the solution

Organise the key into hubs, flows and uneven integration, choosing coherent symbols and explaining contrasts.

Compare method, conditions and answer; identify the exact part to revisit.

IMPROVE THROUGH PRACTICE

Three additional challenges with solutions

Start with the first challenge. Write your method before opening a hint; use the solution to find the first step that needs work.

Reflect after practising
02 · Recognise and understandLink to this exercise

A phone is designed, assembled and sold in three countries. What concept does this illustrate?

A hint to get started

Production stages are distributed across territories.

Step-by-step solution
  1. It illustrates an international value chain.
  2. Each stage involves actors, skills and flows.
  3. Territories do not necessarily capture equal value.

Which step did you miss? Retry without help, then explain why the method works.

03 · Apply the methodLink to this exercise

Why can a port matter strategically beyond its local size?

A hint to get started

Connect infrastructure with networks.

Step-by-step solution
  1. It links maritime and land transport.
  2. Connectivity can make it a node in global flows.
  3. Size alone does not measure all functions or network dependence.

Which step did you miss? Retry without help, then explain why the method works.

04 · Go furtherLink to this exercise

Must globalisation make all territories alike?

A hint to get started

Integration and differentiation can coexist.

Step-by-step solution
  1. Exchange spreads goods, practices and information.
  2. Specialisation, access and local decisions still differ.
  3. Analyse connections and inequalities together using situated examples.

Which step did you miss? Retry without help, then explain why the method works.

The trap to avoid

Globalisation does not mean complete uniformity; use a title and structured key.

Without notes, can you…

  • Explain the principle in your own words?
  • Rebuild the diagram and its connections?
  • Solve the exercise and justify the method?

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